Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry

Rachana Rani ¹, Sudeep Mishra ²

Affiliations
1 Banasthali Vidyapith, Bansthali, Rajasthan
2 Government P. G. College, Satna MP

Abstract

Guggul has been known to mankind since the time of Vedas. It is the oleo-gum-resin exudate from the bark of Commiphora wightii (Arn.) Bhandari [Family: Burseraceae]. Guggul is very well described in various ayurvedic texts for their various therapeutic properties. C. wightii has been used as an inactive pharmaceutical ingredient, binding agent, anti-obesity agent and cholesterol-reducing agent. Gum guggul is used in incense, lacquers, varnishes, and ointments, as a fixative in perfumes, and in medicine. Therapeutic uses include treatment of nervous diseases, leprosy, muscle spasms, ophthalmia, skin disorders, ulcerative pharyngitis, hypertension, ischaemia, and urinary disorders. The main active constituents of this oleo-gum resin are Z-guggulsterone, E-guggulsterone, Z-guggulsterol and guggulsterol I-V. The main aim of chemical investigations was to isolate and chemically characterize compounds of the oleo- gum resin of C. wightii responsible for the hypocholesterolaemic/ hypolipaemic activity. For the standardization of guggul, tests like physico-chemical values, chromatographic analysis have been reported. Several companies supply gum guggul in bulk through the Internet. There are many companies which are supplement supplier of gum guggulu through the internet. Supplement suppliers include formulation of guggulu as well as guggulu in combination of other medicinal plants. There are several patents have been assigned for guggulu uses in cosmetics. The review discusses chemistry, uses as well as commercial availability of guggul.

Keywords

Guggul, Chemistry, Standardization, Therapeutics uses, Commercial availability

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Subash Chandra Verma ¹, Rachana Rani ¹, Sukriti Nigam ¹, Dinesh Kumar Agrawala ¹, Pramila Pant ¹, Madan Mohan Padhi ¹, Ramesh Babu Devalla ¹, Chhoten Lal Jain ²

Affiliations
1 Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha, 61-65, Institutional Area, Opp.-D-Block, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, IN
2 Department of Chemistry, M. M. H. College, Ghaziabad, U.P., IN

Abstract

Quality assurance of herbal products may be ensured by proper quality control of the herbal ingredients. In this regard, a rapid, precise, selective, and accurate high performance thin layer chromatographic method of analysis for the determination of ferulic acid in Hemidesmus indicus ischolar_mains extract was developed and validated. The method employed, TLC aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid; 5:5:0.2 (v/v/v). This method was found to give compact spots for ferulic acid (R_f value of 0.59 ± 0.01). Densitometric scanning of ferulic acid was carried out at λ366 nm in the absorbance/reflection mode. The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship (r²) = 0.999 with respect to peak area and in the concentration range of 50-300 ng spot^-1 band. The method was validated for linearity, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation, accuracy and recovery. The present study signifies the use of TLC, HPTLC fingerprint profiles for determining the identity, purity and strength of the ferulic acid in the H. indicus ischolar_main and also for fixing standards for H. indicus containing Ayurvedic formulation.

Keywords

Hemidesmus indicus, HPTLC Method, Development and Validation, Ferulic Acid, Quality Control.

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Rachana Rani ¹, Sudeep Mishra ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, IN
2 National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, Dr. K. S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Diaryl heptanoid based ketene dithioacetals have been synthesized in good yield by the condensation of aromatic aldehyde or substituted aromatic aldehyde and acetone ketene dithioacetals in the presence of methanolic potassium hydroxide, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, PPTS as a catalyst under room temperature conditions. It is the first suceesful report of utility of potassium hydroxide as a base for the preparation of series of ketene. α- oxo ketene dithioacetals have been extensively used as the anti-leishmanial agent. The remarkable advantages offered by this method are excellent catalyst, mild reaction conditions, simple procedure and good yield of product.

Keywords

Acetone Ketene Dithioacetals, Potassium Hydroxide, Diaryl Heptanoid Based Ketene, α- Oxo Ketene Dithioacetals, Anti-Leishmanial Agent.

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D. Singh ¹, S. K. Sharma ¹, Rachana Rani ², Sudeep Mishra ², R. A. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302055, IN
2 National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, Dr. K. S.Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110 012, IN

Abstract

Cassia species have been of keen interest in phytochemical and pharmacological research due to their excellent medicinal values. Different classes of natural products, possessing potent physiological and pharmacological activities have been isolated from Cassia species, and they include anthracene derivatives, flavonoids and polysaccharides. Present study shows that various concentration of flavonoids in different plant parts of selected Cassia species. The higher levels of both kaempferol and qurecetin(F+B) were measured in flowers of Cassia nodosa (quercetin : 1.02 mg/gdw; kaempferol : 0.93 mg/gdw). Similarly higher levels of kaempferol-7-O-glucoside(F+B) was also measured in flowers of C. nodosa (0.42 mg/gdw) while minimum levels of kaempferol and qurecetin were measured in ischolar_main of Cassia renigera (0.07 mg/gdw; 0.06 mg/gdw) respectively . The minimum levels of Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside was not measured in C. renigera.

Keywords

Cassia Species, Flavonoids, Kaempferol, Qurecetin, Kaempferol-7-O-Glucoside, Flowers, Leaves.

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Manoj Kumar Sharma ¹, Sudeep Mishra ¹, Rachana Rani ²

Affiliations
1 Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, Rewa (M.P), IN
2 Arihant Publication Pvt. Limited, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Paper Electrophoresis study of mixed complexes of metal ions with 2-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzoic acid and 4-aminobenzoic acid as primary ligand and NTA as secondary ligand. Experimental procedure adopted for simple complexation studies is modified. The background electrolyte contains primary ligand in addition to perchloric acid and the pH is maintained at 8.5, the concentration of secondary ligand NTA is progressively increased and the electrophoretic observation of the metal ion spot on paper strip is taken at every addition of the secondary ligand, all the observations have been recorded under the Potential, 200 volts; Time, 30 min; Temperature, 25°C; Ionic strength, 0.1; Potential gradient; 6.66 volt/cm. Using the principle of average mobility, stability constant can be calculated with the help of mobilities .The higher values or stability constant of ternary complexes of 3-aminobenzoic acid than those of 4-aminobenzoic acid and 2-aminobenzoic acid and that of 4-aminobenzoic acid than 2-aminobenzoic acid are attributed to the stronger acidic character of 3-aminobenzoic acid than 4-amino, and 2-aminobenzoic acid and that of 4-aminobenzoic acid than 2-aminobenzoic acid. It must be noted that higher values of stability constants in case of ternary complexes than binary complexes indicate their increased stability.

Keywords

Paper Electrophoresis, 2-Aminobenzoic Acid, 3-Aminobenzoic Acid, 4-Aminobenzoic Acid, NTA, Stability Constant.

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